Download Nursing Assistant: A Nursing Process Approach PDF by Barbara Acello; Barbara Hegner (2024)

Acello/Hegner's NURSING ASSISTANT: A NURSING PROCESS APPROACH has prepared more nursing assistants for meaningful careers in acute care, long-term care and home health than any other book of its kind. Thoroughly updated to reflect expanding real-world practice, the 12th Edition walks you step-by-step through more than 150 procedures, including key skills in patient handling and transfers, wound care, communication, safety and record keeping, as well as special care procedures for patients with medical devices, catheters and physical or mental impairments. Easy-to-understand chapters also take you through the essential background information nursing assistants need to know, such as basic human anatomy, career planning and emerging health care trends. In addition, vibrant, full-color photos and illustrations bring chapter concepts to life.
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Brief ContentsPage: iiiList of ProceduresPage: ivList of TablesPage: viiiContentsPage: xAbout the AuthorsPage: xviiiPrefacePage: xixHow To Use This TextbookPage: xxiiiSection 1: Introduction to Nursing AssistingPage: 1Chapter 1: Community Health CarePage: 2IntroductionPage: 2Overview of Health CarePage: 3Needs of The CommunityPage: 5Community Health Care ServicesPage: 6TransitionsPage: 7Hospital OrganizationPage: 7Financing Health CarePage: 9Quality AssurancePage: 10AgenciesPage: 10AccreditationPage: 11Chapter 2: On The Job: Being A Nursing AssistantPage: 14The Interdisciplinary Health Care TeamPage: 14The Nursing TeamPage: 15Regulation of Nursing Assistant PracticePage: 19The Role And Responsibilities of The Nursing AssistantPage: 20Nurse Practice ActPage: 20Expanded Scope of PracticePage: 21ProfessionalismPage: 22Dress Code and AppearancePage: 22Evidence-based PracticePage: 24Organization of Nursing CarePage: 25Lines of AuthorityPage: 26DelegationPage: 27CommunicationPage: 31AssessmentPage: 31Critical ThinkingPage: 33Organizing Your TimePage: 34Guidelines 2-1 Time Management and OrganizationPage: 35Handoff CommunicationPage: 36Guidelines For The Nursing AssistantPage: 37Personal Health and HygienePage: 39Chapter 3: Consumer Rights and Responsibilities in Health CarePage: 44Consumer RightsPage: 44Patient Care PartnershipPage: 45The Affordable Care Act Patient’s Bill of RightsPage: 45Responsibilities of Health Care ConsumersPage: 49Role of The OmbudsmanPage: 49Chapter 4: Ethical and Legal Issues Affecting The Nursing AssistantPage: 51Legal And Ethical StandardsPage: 51Ethics QuestionsPage: 52Legal IssuePage: 55Professional BoundariesPage: 59Working In A Virtual WorldPage: 60Health Insurance Portability And Accountability ActPage: 61Social MediaPage: 61Section 2: Scientific PrinciplesPage: 65Chapter 5: Medical Terminology and Body OrganizationPage: 66Medical TerminologyPage: 66Medical Word PartsPage: 67Body OrganizationPage: 68Anatomic TermsPage: 71Organization of The BodyPage: 76Chapter 6: Classification of DiseasePage: 85IntroductionPage: 85DiseasePage: 85Major ConditionsPage: 87DiagnosisPage: 89TherapyPage: 91Health CarePage: 92NeoplasmsPage: 92Body DefensesPage: 93Section 3: Basic Human Needs and CommunicationPage: 96Chapter 7: Communication SkillsPage: 97IntroductionPage: 97Communication in Health CarePage: 98Other Methods of CommunicationPage: 99Communicating With PatientsPage: 103Guidelines 7-1 For Communicating With PatientsPage: 104Working With InterpretersPage: 107Chapter 8: Observation, Reporting, and DocumentationPage: 110IntroductionPage: 110Nursing ProcessPage: 110Making ObservationsPage: 115PainPage: 118ReportingPage: 118DocumentationPage: 121Guidelines 8-1 Guidelines For ChartingPage: 126Electronic RecordkeepingPage: 127Point-of-care Data CapturePage: 127Guidelines 8-2 Guidelines for Documentation in the Computerized Medical RecordPage: 129Chapter 9: Meeting Basic Human NeedsPage: 133IntroductionPage: 133Intergenerational CarePage: 134Human Growth and DevelopmentPage: 134Basic Human NeedsPage: 140Chapter 10: Comfort, Pain, Rest, and SleepPage: 150ComfortPage: 150Noise ControlPage: 150PainPage: 152RestPage: 156SleepPage: 157Chapter 11: Developing Cultural SensitivityPage: 164IntroductionPage: 164Race, Ethnicity, and CulturePage: 165TraditionsPage: 171Cultural SensitivityPage: 172Guidelines 11-1 Developing Cultural SensitivityPage: 172Section 4: Infection and Infection ControlPage: 175Chapter 12: InfectionPage: 176IntroductionPage: 177MicrobesPage: 177Drug ResistancePage: 179The Chain of InfectionPage: 180Types of InfectionsPage: 185Body FloraPage: 185How Pathogens Affect the BodyPage: 186Body DefensesPage: 186ImmunityPage: 186ImmunizationsPage: 187ImmunosuppressionPage: 187Serious Infections in Health Care FacilitiesPage: 187MRSA and VREPage: 188Infectious DiarrheaPage: 191Environmental CleanlinessPage: 192Viral InfectionsPage: 192Emerging Infectious DiseasePage: 195BioterrorismPage: 198ParasitesPage: 198Outbreak of Infectious Disease in a Health Care FacilityPage: 201Chapter 13: Infection ControlPage: 204Disease PreventionPage: 204Guidelines 13-1 Guidelines For Maintaining Medical AsepsisPage: 205Medical AsepsisPage: 206HandwashingPage: 207Procedure 1 HandwashingPage: 208Protecting YourselfPage: 210Transmission-based PrecautionsPage: 212Guidelines 13-2 Guidelines For Personal Protective Equipment (ppe)Page: 212Guidelines 13-3 Guidelines For Standard PrecautionsPage: 213Guidelines 13-4 Guidelines For Environmental ProceduresPage: 213Isolation TechniquePage: 222Personal Protective EquipmentPage: 223Procedure 2 Putting on a MaskPage: 231Procedure 3 Putting on a GownPage: 231Procedure 4 Putting on GlovesPage: 232Procedure 5 Removing Contaminated GlovesPage: 234Procedure 6 Removing Contaminated Gloves, Eye Protection, Gown, and MaskPage: 235Procedure 7 Serving a Meal in an Isolation UnitPage: 237Procedure 8 Measuring Vital Signs in an Isolation UnitPage: 238Procedure 9 Transferring Nondisposable Equipment Outside of the Isolation UnitPage: 238Procedure 10 Specimen Collection From a Patient in an Isolation UnitPage: 239Procedure 11 Caring For Linens in an Isolation UnitPage: 240Procedure 12 Transporting a Patient to and From The Isolation UnitPage: 240Disinfection and SterilizationPage: 241Sterile ProceduresPage: 241Procedure 13 Opening a Sterile PackagePage: 242Section 5: Safety and MobilityPage: 245Chapter 14: Environmental and Nursing Assistant SafetyPage: 246IntroductionPage: 246The Patient EnvironmentPage: 247Safety MeasuresPage: 252Fire SafetyPage: 254Other EmergenciesPage: 259Nursing Assistant SafetyPage: 260Chapter 15: Patient Safety and PositioningPage: 265Patient SafetyPage: 265Use of Physical RestraintsPage: 266Guidelines 15-1 Guidelines For Preventing Patient FallsPage: 267Side Rails as RestraintsPage: 270Alternatives to RestraintsPage: 272Guidelines 15-2 Guidelines For the Use of RestraintsPage: 273Prevention of Other IncidentsPage: 275Introduction to ProceduresPage: 276Common Steps in all ProceduresPage: 276Body Mechanics For the PatientPage: 278Guidelines 15-3 Guidelines For the Use of SplintsPage: 281Moving and Lifting PatientsPage: 282Assistive Moving DevicesPage: 282Moving and Lifting PatientsPage: 282Assistive Moving DevicesPage: 282Procedure 14 Turning the Patient Toward YouPage: 283Procedure 15 Turning the Patient Away From YouPage: 284Procedure 16 Moving a Patient to the Head of the BedPage: 285Procedure 17 Logrolling the PatientPage: 285Chapter 16: The Patient’s Mobility: Transfer SkillsPage: 297IntroductionPage: 297Nursing Assistant SafetyPage: 298Types Of TransfersPage: 298Guidelines 16-1 Guidelines For Safe Patient TransfersPage: 300Transfer BeltsPage: 301Procedure 18 Applying a Transfer BeltPage: 302Assistive DevicesPage: 303Guidelines 16-2 Guidelines For Moving Patients Using A Manual Handling SlingPage: 306Procedure 19 Transferring the Patient From Bed to Chair-one AssistantPage: 306Procedure 20 Transferring the Patient From Bed to Chair-two AssistantsPage: 308Sliding-Board TransfersPage: 309Procedure 21 Sliding-Board Transfer From Bed to WheelchairPage: 310Procedure 22 Transferring the Patient From Chair to Bed-One AssistantPage: 311Procedure 23 Transferring the Patient From Chair to Bed-Two AssistantsPage: 312Procedure 24 Transferring the Patient From Bed to StretcherPage: 313Procedure 25 Transferring the Patient From Stretcher To BedPage: 314Stretcher TransfersPage: 314Moving the Patient With a Mechanical LiftPage: 315Toilet TransfersPage: 316TUB TransfersPage: 316Procedure 26 Transferring the Patient With a Mechanical LiftPage: 317Car TransfersPage: 319Procedure 27 Transferring the Patient Onto and off of the ToiletPage: 319Chapter 17: The Patient’s Mobility: AmbulationPage: 323AmbulationPage: 323Guidelines 17-1 Guidelines For Safe AmbulationPage: 325Assistive DevicesPage: 326Procedure 28 Assisting the Patient to Walk With a Cane and Three-point GaitPage: 327Procedure 29 Assisting the Person to Walk With a Walker and Three-point GaitPage: 329The Falling PersonPage: 330Procedure 30 Assisting the Falling PatientPage: 331Wheelchair MobilityPage: 331Guidelines 17-2 Guidelines For Wheelchair SafetyPage: 332Positioning The Dependent Patient in a WheelchairPage: 333Wheelchair ActivityPage: 335Guidelines 17-3 Guidelines For Chair and Wheelchair PositioningPage: 336Transporting a Patient by StretcherPage: 337Guidelines 17-4 Guidelines For Stretcher SafetyPage: 338Section 6: Measuring and Recording Vital Signs, Height, and WeightPage: 341Chapter 18: Body TemperaturePage: 342IntroductionPage: 342Temperature ValuesPage: 342Definition Of Body TemperaturePage: 343Temperature ControlPage: 343Measuring Body TemperaturePage: 344Clinical ThermometersPage: 345Non-contact Infrared Thermometer (ncit)Page: 347Guidelines 18-1 Guidelines For Using An Oral Or Rectal ThermometerPage: 348Guidelines 18-2 Guidelines For Measuring Temperature Using A Sheath-covered ThermometerPage: 348Procedure 31 Measuring An Oral Temperature (electronic Thermometer)Page: 349Procedure 32 Measuring A Rectal Temperature (electronic Thermometer)Page: 350Procedure 33 Measuring An Axillary Temperature (electronic Thermometer)Page: 351Guidelines 18-3 Guidelines For Using A Tympanic (ear) ThermometerPage: 351Procedure 34 Measuring A Tympanic TemperaturePage: 352Procedure 35 Measuring A Temporal Artery TemperaturePage: 353Chapter 19: Pulse and RespirationPage: 356IntroductionPage: 356The PulsePage: 356Procedure 36 Counting The Radial PulsePage: 357Guidelines 19-1 Guidelines For Using a StethoscopePage: 359Procedure 37 Counting the Apical-radial PulsePage: 359RespirationPage: 360Procedure 38 Counting RespirationsPage: 361The Pulse OximeterPage: 362Procedure 39 Using a Pulse OximeterPage: 362Chapter 20: Blood PressurePage: 365IntroductionPage: 365EquipmentPage: 366Measuring the Blood PressurePage: 367Guidelines 20-1 Guidelines For Preparing to Measure Blood PressurePage: 369How to Read the GaugePage: 370Procedure 40 Taking Blood PressurePage: 371Guidelines 20-2 Guidelines For Electronic Blood Pressure MonitoringPage: 373Procedure 41 Taking Blood Pressure With an Electronic Blood Pressure ApparatusPage: 373Chapter 21: Measuring Height and WeightPage: 375Weight and Height MeasurementsPage: 375Guidelines 21-1 Guidelines For Obtaining Accurate Weight and Height MeasurementsPage: 377Procedure 42 Weighing and Measuring the Patient Using an Upright ScalePage: 378Weight LossPage: 378Procedure 43 Weighing the Patient on a Chair ScalePage: 379Procedure 44 Measuring Weight With an Electronic Wheelchair ScalePage: 379Procedure 45 Measuring and Weighingthe Patient in BedPage: 380Section 7: Patient Care and Comfort MeasuresPage: 383Chapter 22: Admission, Transfer, and DischargePage: 384IntroductionPage: 384AdmissionPage: 385Family DynamicsPage: 385TransferPage: 387Guidelines 22-1 Guidelines For Family DynamicsPage: 388Procedure 46 Admitting the PatientPage: 389DischargePage: 390Procedure 47 Transferring the PatientPage: 391Procedure 48 Discharging the PatientPage: 392Chapter 23: BedmakingPage: 394IntroductionPage: 394Operation and Uses of Beds in Health Care FacilitiesPage: 394Guidelines 23-1 Guidelines For Low BedsPage: 395Guidelines 23-2 Guidelines For Handling Linens and Making the BedPage: 397Guidelines 23-3 Guidelines For Low Air Loss BedsPage: 398BedmakingPage: 399Procedure 49 Making a Closed BedPage: 400Procedure 50 Making an Occupied BedPage: 405Chapter 24: Patient BathingPage: 409IntroductionPage: 409Patient BathingPage: 411Guidelines 24-1 Guidelines For Giving a Whirlpool BathPage: 413Guidelines 24-2 Guidelines For Patient BathingPage: 413Procedure 51 Assisting With the Tub Bath or ShowerPage: 414Procedure 53 Changing the Patient’s GownPage: 419Procedure 54 Waterless Bed BathPage: 420Procedure 55 Partial BathPage: 423Procedure 56 Female Perineal CarePage: 424Procedure 57 Male Perineal CarePage: 426Guidelines 24-3 Guidelines For Providing Hand, Foot, and Nail CarePage: 428Procedure 58 Hand and Fingernail CarePage: 429Procedure 59 Foot and Toenail CarePage: 430Procedure 60 Bed ShampooPage: 431Dressing a PatientPage: 432Guidelines 24-4 Guidelines For Dressing and Undressing PatientsPage: 433Procedure 61 Dressing and Undressing the PatientPage: 433Chapter 25: General Comfort MeasuresPage: 383IntroductionPage: 436A.M. Care and P.M. CarePage: 437Oral HygienePage: 437Procedure 62 Assisting With Routine Oral HygienePage: 438DenturesPage: 441Procedure 63 Assisting With Special Oral Hygiene-Dependent and Unconscious PatientsPage: 441Procedure 64 Assisting the Patient to Floss and Brush TeethPage: 442BackrubsPage: 443Procedure 65 Caring For DenturesPage: 444Daily ShavingPage: 445Guidelines 25-1 Guidelines For Applying Lotion to the Patient’s SkinPage: 446Procedure 66 Providing BackrubsPage: 446Daily Hair CarePage: 447Guidelines 25-2 Guidelines For Safety in ShavingPage: 447Procedure 67 Shaving a Male PatientPage: 448Comfort DevicesPage: 448Procedure 68 Providing Daily Hair CarePage: 449Guidelines 25-3 Guidelines For Applying Bed BoardsPage: 450Elimination NeedsPage: 451Procedure 69 Giving and Receiving the BedpanPage: 453Procedure 70 Giving and Receiving the UrinalPage: 455Procedure 71 Assisting With Use of the Bedside CommodePage: 456Section 8: Principles of Nutrition and Fluid BalancePage: 460Chapter 26: Nutritional Needs and Diet ModificationsPage: 461IntroductionPage: 462Normal NutritionPage: 462The Five Food GroupsPage: 463Basic Facility DietsPage: 464Special DietsPage: 468Supplements and NourishmentsPage: 472Calorie Counts and Food Intake StudiesPage: 473DysphagiaPage: 473Gastroesophageal Reflux DiseasePage: 475Fluid BalancePage: 476Changing WaterPage: 477Food AcceptancePage: 479Prevention of Foodborne IllnessPage: 479Feeding the PatientPage: 481Procedure 72 Assisting the Patient Who Can Feed SelfPage: 481Procedure 73 Feeding the Dependent PatientPage: 482Procedure 74 Abdominal Thrusts-Heimlich ManeuverPage: 484Documenting Meal IntakePage: 486Alternative NutritionPage: 487Section 9: Special Care ProceduresPage: 492Chapter 27: Warm and Cold ApplicationsPage: 493IntroductionPage: 493Therapy With Heat and ColdPage: 493Use of Cold ApplicationsPage: 495Guidelines 27-1 Guidelines For Warm and Cold TreatmentsPage: 495Use of Warm ApplicationsPage: 496Procedure 75 Applying an Ice Bag or Gel PackPage: 497Procedure 76 Applying a Disposable Cold PackPage: 498Procedure 77 Giving a Sitz BathPage: 500Abnormalities in Temperature RegulationPage: 501Temperature Control MeasuresPage: 502Chapter 28: Assisting With the Physical ExaminationPage: 506IntroductionPage: 506Positioning the PatientPage: 507Equipment and SuppliesPage: 510Chapter 29: The Surgical PatientPage: 512IntroductionPage: 512Pain PerceptionPage: 513AnesthesiaPage: 513Surgical CarePage: 514Preoperative CarePage: 514During the Operative PeriodPage: 517Postoperative CarePage: 517Guidelines 29-1 Guidelines For Postoperative CarePage: 518Surgical Wounds With DrainsPage: 518Postoperative ExercisesPage: 521Procedure 78 Assisting the Patient to Deep Breathe and CoughPage: 522Guidelines 29-2 Guidelines For Applying Anti-Embolism StockingsPage: 524Procedure 79 Applying Elasticized StockingsPage: 525Procedure 80 Applying an Elastic BandagePage: 526Procedure 81 Assisting the Patient to DanglePage: 528Guidelines 29-3 Guidelines For Assisting the Patient in Initial AmbulationPage: 529Chapter 30: Caring For the Emotionally Stressed PatientPage: 532IntroductionPage: 532Mental HealthPage: 533Anxiety DisordersPage: 533Affective DisordersPage: 533Guidelines 30-1 Guidelines For Managing the Patient Who is Anxiousor AgitatedPage: 535Guidelines 30-2 Guidelines For Assisting the Patient Who is DepressedPage: 535Guidelines 30-3 Guidelines For Suicide PrecautionsPage: 536Eating DisordersPage: 536Substance AbusePage: 536Defense MechanismsPage: 538Assisting Patients to CopePage: 538The Demanding PatientPage: 539Maladaptive BehaviorsPage: 539Violence in the WorkplacePage: 541Guidelines 30-4 Guidelines For Assisting Patients Who Have Behavior ProblemsPage: 541Guidelines 30-5 Guidelines For Violence PreventionPage: 542Guidelines 30-6 Guidelines For Dealing With an Individual Who is ViolentPage: 543BullyingPage: 543Chapter 31: Caring For the Bariatric PatientPage: 547IntroductionPage: 547Weight and Body Mass IndexPage: 549Effects of Obesity on the Cardiovascular and Respiratory SystemsPage: 550Stereotyping and DiscriminationPage: 551Interdisciplinary Team Approach to CarePage: 552Environmental ModificationsPage: 552Anticipating Patient Care NeedsPage: 555Assisting With ADLSPage: 556Moving the Bariatric PatientPage: 559Critical Thinking in ActionPage: 560Complications of ImmobilityPage: 564Bariatric SurgeryPage: 565Ongoing Care and SupportPage: 569Chapter 32: Death and DyingPage: 573IntroductionPage: 573Five Stages of GriefPage: 574Preparation For DeathPage: 576The Patient Selfdetermination ActPage: 577Physician Orders For Lifesustaining TreatmentPage: 579The Role of the Nursing AssistantPage: 579Hospice CarePage: 581Physical Changes as Death ApproachesPage: 582Postmortem CarePage: 583Organ DonationsPage: 583Procedure 82 Giving Postmortem CarePage: 584Postmortem Examination (autopsy)Page: 585Section 10: Other Health Care SettingsPage: 587Chapter 33: Providing Care For Special Populations: Elderly, Chronically Ill, Alzheimer Disease, IntPage: 588IntroductionPage: 589Types of Long-term Care FacilitiesPage: 589Culture ChangePage: 591Paying For Long-Term Care ServicesPage: 591Legislation Affecting Long-Term CarePage: 591Role of the Nursing Assistant in a Long-Term Care FacilityPage: 592Effects of AgingPage: 592Spiritual NeedsPage: 595Nutritional NeedsPage: 595Preventing Infections in ResidentsPage: 599General HygienePage: 600Guidelines 33-1 Guidelines For Bathing the Elderly PersonPage: 601Mental Changes Associated With Aging and DiseasePage: 603Caring For Persons With DementiaPage: 603Guidelines 33-2 Guidelines For Activities of Daily Living For Persons With DementiaPage: 607Special ProblemsPage: 608Care Plan Approaches For Cognitive ImpairmentPage: 613Intellectual Disability and Developmental DisabilityPage: 615Guidelines 33-3 Guidelines For Communicating With Persons Who Have Developmental DisabilitiesPage: 620Chapter 34: The Organization of Home Care: Trends in Health CarePage: 625IntroductionPage: 625Providers of Home Health CarePage: 626Types of Home Health CarePage: 626Benefits of Working in Home Health CarePage: 627Qualifications For Working as a Nursing Assistant in Home CarePage: 627Payment For Home Health CarePage: 628The Home Health Care TeamPage: 628The Case ManagerPage: 629Outcome and Assessment Information Set (Oasis)Page: 629Liability and the Nursing AssistantPage: 630Guidelines 34-1 Guidelines For Avoiding LiabilityPage: 631Time ManagementPage: 632Working With FamiliesPage: 634Chapter 35: The Nursing Assistant in Home CarePage: 637The Home Health CaregiverPage: 637Hospice CarePage: 638The Home Health Assistant and the Nursing ProcessPage: 639Core ValuesPage: 639Characteristics of the Home Care Nursing Assistant and Homemaker AssistantPage: 640The Nursing BagPage: 641Personal SafetyPage: 642Home Health Care DutiesPage: 643Assisting Clients With MedicationsPage: 645Guidelines 35-1 Guidelines For Supervising Self-Administration of MedicationsPage: 647The Home EnvironmentPage: 647Guidelines For Food ManagementPage: 649Infection ControlPage: 649Housekeeping TasksPage: 650Communication Via DocumentationPage: 652Chapter 36: Subacute CarePage: 654Description of Subacute CarePage: 654Special Procedures Provided in the Subacute Care UnitPage: 656Sterile TechniquePage: 657Guidelines 36-1 Guidelines For Sterile ProceduresPage: 658Procedure 83 Applying and Removing Sterile GlovesPage: 658Skilled Nursing ProceduresPage: 660Procedure 84 Applying a Dry Sterile DressingPage: 661Pain Management ProceduresPage: 665Guidelines 36-2 Guidelines For Caring For Patients With Intravenous and Central Venous LinesPage: 665Caring For Subacute Patients With Skilled Nursing NeedsPage: 668Wound ManagementPage: 668Removing Sutures and StaplesPage: 670Documentation of Care in the Subacute UnitPage: 670Chapter 37: Alternative, Complementary, and Integrative Approaches to Patient CarePage: 674Alternatives to Mainstream Health CarePage: 674Integrative (Integrated) Health Care PracticesPage: 678Common Cam TherapiesPage: 679SpiritualityPage: 686Section 11: Body Systems, Common Disorders, and Related Care ProceduresPage: 689Chapter 38: Integumentary SystemPage: 690Integumentary System StructuresPage: 690Skin FunctionsPage: 692Aging ChangesPage: 692Skin InjuriesPage: 693Skin TearsPage: 695Pressure Injuries (Dermal Ulcers)Page: 696Guidelines 38-1 Guidelines For Preventing Pressure InjuriesPage: 701Preventing Pressure InjuriesPage: 702Guidelines 2-1 Guidelines For Caring For a Patient With a Negativepressure Wound Therapy SystemPage: 704Negative Pressure Wound Therapy SystemsPage: 705Pulsatile LavagePage: 705BurnsPage: 706Importance of Nutrition in Healing Wounds and BurnsPage: 707Dressings and BandagesPage: 708Guidelines 38-3 Guidelines For Removing a DressingPage: 709Guidelines 38-4 Guidelines For Cleansing and Observing the WoundPage: 709Guidelines 38-5 Guidelines For Estimating Amount of DrainagePage: 709Procedure 85 Changing a Clean Dressing and Applying a BandagePage: 711Chapter 39: Respiratory SystemPage: 715IntroductionPage: 716Structure and FunctionPage: 716Patients at Risk of Poor OxygenationPage: 718Respiratory CarePage: 720Upper Respiratory InfectionsPage: 720Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseasePage: 720Surgical ConditionsPage: 722Diagnostic TechniquesPage: 727Special Therapies Related to Respirat Ory IllnessPage: 727Introduction to Advanced Airway ManagementPage: 730Maintaining the Patient’s BreathingPage: 731Guidelines 39-1 Guidelines For Caring For Mechanically Ventilated PatientsPage: 733Respiratory PositionsPage: 735Other TechniquesPage: 736Collecting A Sputum SpecimenPage: 739Procedure 86 Collecting a Sputum SpecimenPage: 739Chapter 40: Circulatory (cardiovascular) SystemPage: 743IntroductionPage: 743Structure And FunctionPage: 744Common Circulatory System DisordersPage: 748Peripheral Vascular DiseasesPage: 748Guidelines 40-1 Guidelines For Caring For Patients With Peripheral Vascular DiseasePage: 752Cardiovascular DisordersPage: 753Heart ConditionsPage: 753Blood AbnormalitiesPage: 758Diagnostic TestsPage: 759Performing an ECGPage: 759Chapter 41: Musculoskeletal SystemPage: 762The Musculoskeletal SystemPage: 763Common ConditionsPage: 767Guidelines 41-1 Guidelines For Caring For Patients With THAPage: 778Guidelines 41-2 Guidelines For Caring For Patients After Spinal SurgeriesPage: 782Range of MotionPage: 783Guidelines 41-3 Guidelines For Assisting Patients With Range-of-motion ExercisesPage: 784Procedure 87 Performing Range-of-Motion Exercises (Passive)Page: 785Diagnostic TechniquesPage: 789Chapter 42: Endocrine SystemPage: 792Structure and FunctionPage: 792Aging Changes to the Endocrine SystemPage: 794Common Conditions of the Thyroid GlandPage: 795Common Conditions of the Parathyroid GlandsPage: 796Common Conditions of the Adrenal GlandsPage: 796Diabetes MellitusPage: 796Diagnostic TechniquesPage: 801Blood Glucose MonitoringPage: 801Procedure 88 Obtaining a Fingerstick Blood SugarPage: 803Chapter 43: Nervous SystemPage: 807Structure and FunctionPage: 807Aging Changes to the Nervous SystemPage: 813Sensory ReceptorsPage: 814Aging Changes Affecting the Eyes and EarsPage: 816Common Conditions Involving the Nervous SystemPage: 817Diagnostic TechniquesPage: 836Guidelines 43-1 Guidelines For Caring For a Hearing AidPage: 837Guidelines 43-2 Guidelines For Troubleshooting Hearing AidsPage: 838Chapter 44: Gastrointestinal SystemPage: 841IntroductionPage: 841Structure and FunctionPage: 842Common ConditionsPage: 844Common Problems Related to the Lower BowelPage: 846Guidelines 44-1 Guidelines For Assisting Patients With Bowel EliminationPage: 850Special Diagnostic TestsPage: 851Procedure 89 Collecting a Stool SpecimenPage: 851Procedure 90 Testing For Occult Blood Using Hemoccult and DeveloperPage: 852Procedure 91 Inserting a Rectal SuppositoryPage: 853EnemasPage: 853Procedure 92 Giving a Soap-Solution EnemaPage: 855Procedure 93 Giving a Commercially Prepared EnemaPage: 857OstomiesPage: 858Guidelines 44-2 Guidelines For Caring For an OstomyPage: 860Procedure 94 Giving Routine Stoma Care (Colostomy)Page: 860Procedure 95 Giving Routine Care of an Ileostomy (with Patient in Bed)Page: 862Chapter 45: Urinary SystemPage: 866IntroductionPage: 867Structure and FunctionPage: 867Aging Changes of the Urinary SystemPage: 868Common ConditionsPage: 868Renal FailurePage: 869Renal DialysisPage: 869Other Medical ConditionsPage: 872Responsibilities of the Nursing AssistantPage: 874Urinary IncontinencePage: 875Diagnostic TestsPage: 875Guidelines 45-1 Guidelines For Caring For the Patient With IncontinencePage: 876Guidelines 45-2 Guidelines For Weighing an Incontinent Pad or BriefPage: 876Procedure 96 Collecting a Routine Urine SpecimenPage: 876Procedure 97 Collecting a Clean-Catch Urine SpecimenPage: 878Procedure 98 Collecting a 24-hour Urine SpecimenPage: 879Urinary DrainagePage: 880Procedure 99 Collecting a Urine Specimen Through a Drainage PortPage: 884Procedure 100 Routine Drainage CheckPage: 885Procedure 101 Giving Indwelling Catheter CarePage: 886Suprapubic CathetersPage: 887Guidelines 45-3 Guidelines For Caring For a Patient With a Suprapubic CatheterPage: 887Procedure 102 Emptying a Urinary Drainage UnitPage: 888Procedure 103 Disconnecting The CatheterPage: 890Procedure 104 Connecting a Catheter to a Leg BagPage: 891Procedure 105 Emptying a Leg BagPage: 892Procedure 106 Removing an Indwelling CatheterPage: 893Bladder UltrasoundPage: 894Procedure 107 Ultrasound Bladder ScanPage: 894Chapter 46: Reproductive SystemPage: 897Structure and FunctionPage: 897Aging Changes to the Reproductive SystemPage: 901Conditions of the Male Reproductive OrgansPage: 901Conditions of the Female Reproductive OrgansPage: 902Sexually Transmitted Infections (Stis)Page: 905Diagnostic TestsPage: 908vagin*l DouchePage: 909Section 12: Expanded Role of the Nursing AssistantPage: 911Chapter 47: Caring For the Patient With CancerPage: 912IntroductionPage: 912Cancer Prevention and DetectionPage: 913TreatmentPage: 914Guidelines 47-1 Guidelines For Working With Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy and BrachytherapyPage: 918PainPage: 919Mental and Emotional NeedsPage: 919Palliative CarePage: 920Chapter 48: Rehabilitation and Restorative ServicesPage: 922Introduction to Rehabilitation and Restorative CarePage: 922Reasons For Reha Bilitation/restorative CarePage: 924The Interdisciplinary Health Care TeamPage: 924The Role of the Nursing AssistantPage: 925Principles of RehabilitationPage: 926Complications From InactivityPage: 926Restorative ProgramsPage: 931Bowel and Bladder RetrainingPage: 934Safety ConcernsPage: 934Guidelines 48-1 Guidelines For Restorative CarePage: 935Monitoring the Patient’s Response to CarePage: 936Guidelines 48-2 Guidelines For Implementing Restorative ProgramsPage: 937Chapter 49: Obstetrical Patients and NeonatesPage: 940Introduction to ObstetricsPage: 940Postpartum CarePage: 942Breast CarePage: 943Guidelines 49-1 Guidelines For Assisting With BreastfeedingPage: 944Neonatal CarePage: 945Procedure 108 Changing a DiaperPage: 947Procedure 109 Weighing an InfantPage: 948Procedure 110 Measuring an InfantPage: 948Procedure 111 Bathing an InfantPage: 950SecurityPage: 951FeedingPage: 952Guidelines 49-2 Guidelines For Abductor Profile and Potential Abductor BehaviorPage: 952Summary Of Nursing Assistant Responsibilities When Caring For InfantsPage: 953Procedure 112 Bottle-feeding an InfantPage: 954Procedure 113 Assisting With BreastfeedingPage: 955Procedure 114 Burping an InfantPage: 955DischargePage: 956Chapter 50: Pediatric PatientsPage: 959IntroductionPage: 959Pediatric UnitsPage: 960Developmental TasksPage: 960Caring For Infants (birth–2 Years)Page: 960Procedure 115 Admitting a Pediatric PatientPage: 961Procedure 116 Weighing the Toddler to AdolescentPage: 962Procedure 117 Changing Crib LinensPage: 963Procedure 118 Changing Crib Linens (Infant in Crib)Page: 964Procedure 119 Measuring TemperaturePage: 965Procedure 120 Determining Heart Rate (Pulse)Page: 968Procedure 121 Counting Respiratory RatePage: 968Procedure 122 Measuring Blood PressurePage: 969Procedure 123 Collecting a Urine Specimen From an InfantPage: 970Caring For Toddlers (2-3 Years)Page: 971Guidelines 50-1 Guidelines For Ensuring a Safe Environment For InfantsPage: 971Guidelines 50-2 Guidelines For Ensuring a Safe Environment For ToddlersPage: 973Caring For Preschool-Age Children (4-6 Years)Page: 973Caring For School-age Children (6-12 Years)Page: 974Guidelines 50-3 Guidelines For Ensuring a Safe Environment For PreschoolersPage: 974Guidelines 50-4 Guidelines For Ensuring a Safe Environmentf or School-Age ChildrenPage: 976Use of Social Media by Children Who are in the HospitalPage: 976Caring For the Adolescent (12-20 Years)Page: 976Childhood ObesityPage: 977Guidelines 50-5 Guidelines For Ensuring a Safe Environment For AdolescentsPage: 977Child AbusePage: 978VapingPage: 979Section 13: Recognizing and Responding to Basic EmergenciesPage: 982Chapter 51: Response To Basic EmergenciesPage: 983Dealing With EmergenciesPage: 983Guidelines 51-1 Guidelines For Responding to an EmergencyPage: 984Being PreparedPage: 984First AidPage: 984Code EmergenciesPage: 985Maintaining the Patient’s BreathingPage: 986Cardiac ArrestPage: 987The Recovery PositionPage: 987Early DefibrillationPage: 988ChokingPage: 988CPR and Obstructed Airway Procedures For Infants and ChildrenPage: 989Other EmergenciesPage: 989BleedingPage: 989Guidelines 51-2 Guidelines For Noncardiac Facility EmergenciesPage: 990ShockPage: 991FaintingPage: 991Heart AttackPage: 991StrokePage: 992SeizuresPage: 993Vomiting and AspirationPage: 993Electric ShockPage: 994Orthopedic InjuriesPage: 995Head InjuryPage: 995Accidental PoisoningPage: 996Section 14: Moving ForwardPage: 999Chapter 52: Employment Opportunities and Career GrowthPage: 1000IntroductionPage: 1000Objective 1: Self-AppraisalPage: 1000Objective 2: Search For all Employment OpportunitiesPage: 1002Objective 3: Assemble a Proper RésuméPage: 1003Objective 4: Validate ReferencesPage: 1003Objective 5: Make Specific Applications For WorkPage: 1003Objective 6: Participate in a Successful InterviewPage: 1004Objective 7: Accept a JobPage: 1005Objective 8: Keep the JobPage: 1006Objective 9: Continue to Grow Throughout Your CareerPage: 1006Objective 10: Resign Properly From EmploymentPage: 1007GlossaryPage: 1009IndexPage: 1037

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